The Reimer-Tiemann reaction is an organic reaction used to convert a phenol to an o-hydroxy benzalde-hyde using chloroform, a base, and acid work-up. The mechanism begins with abstraction of the proton from chloroform with the base to form a trichlorocarbanion which spontaneously loses a chloride ion to form a neutral dichlorocarbene. The base also deprotonates the phenol reagent which then attacks the carbene. A series of steps and a final acid work-up result in the o-hydroxy benzaldehyde product.
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